Public Administration - 1077 Words

Midterm Essay: Classical Organizational Theory Liberty University February 5, 2014 Midterm Essay: Classical Organizational Theory Classical Organizational Theory deals with the systematic processes necessary to make bureaucracy more efficient and effective. Name three scholars that are credited with the development of classical organization thought that most correctly fit into this definition of Classical Organizational Theory. What were the basic arguments articulated by each in their contributions to the development of Classical Organizational Theory? Classical organizational theory supports two views. Scientific management which focuses on managing work and employees and administrative management which addresses issues which†¦show more content†¦Another point is the selection of personnel which deals with training, teaching and developing workers. Another point is management cooperation which deals with how managers work with employees to ensure that all assigned work is done according to the principles of the plan and functional supervising which deals with the planning, organizing and decision-making activities and how workers perform their jobs. Henri Fayol was an Engineer and French industrialist. He recognizes the management principles rather than personal traits. Fayol was the first to identify management as a continuous process of evaluation. Fayol developed five management functions. These functions are roles performed by all managers which includes planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling. Additionally, he recognizes fourteen principles that should guide management of organizations. Luther Gulick was a specialist in municipal finance and administration. He expanded Fayol’s five management principles into seven functions. These functions include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting. Max Weber was a German sociologist who first described the concept of bureaucracy, an ideal form of organizational structure. He defines bureaucratic administration as the exercise of control on theShow MoreRelatedPublic Administration967 Words   |  4 PagesPublic administration refers to the officials, institutions and processes involved with implementing the laws, rules and policies passed by legislatures and executive. It was originally a branch of political science, but public administration has developed into a field of study of its own during the 20th century, thanks in part to groundbreaking writings by early scholars in the field. These classic works laid the foundation for a new discipline that combines academic study with professionalRead MorePublic Administration And The Public Sector837 Words   |  4 PagesOld Public Administration was created to answer the questions to many unanswered problems. President Woodrow Wilson said it was â€Å"harder to run a constitution than to frame it† because of the difficult administrative tasks had to deal with. Sure enough, he was not the only person who felt that way. President Wilson believed that in order to run an effective government, ideas from the private sector should be incorporated into the public sector. He even went as far as to give input on how the governmentRead MoreSpiratuality in Public Administration1402 Words   |  6 PagesSpirituality and Public Administration ShaTara T. Ambler Columbia Southern University Public Administration Ethics 22 January 2016 Abstract When in the workplace there are a few things that people try not to discuss and religion or spirituality is one of those. It is often a touchy subject because of differing beliefs and opinions. Does spirituality help or hinder productivity in the workplace? Will someone that is spiritual be a better leader than someone who is not? I will exploreRead MoreThe Field Of Public Administration914 Words   |  4 Pagesevolution of the field of public administration based on the leadership style and the organizational structure. It has three parts; the first part will compare the organizational framework of popular theorists’ with special attention to the type of leadership and the environment of the organization. The second part will discuss a comprehensive definition of the field of public administration, and the third part is the predictions about the field of public administration, and the opportunities andRead MoreModels of Public Administration2299 Words   |  10 Pages Studying the Models of Public Administration MODELS OF COMPARITIVE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONINTRODUCTION Before going to the models, it is important to understand the different terminologies used in the subject: 1. APPROACH: An Approach is based primarily on one central concept. That is thought to be especially useful in studying basic features of public administration. Approaches are general in nature. 2. MODELS: Models can be considered as a refined and more specific version of approachesRead MoreProductivity in Public Administration1790 Words   |  8 Pages. PRODUCTIVITY IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION The issue of productivity management sometimes referred to as performance management is an area of great concern to public mangers. There are several strategies that can be used in public management but the selection and use of the most suitable one depends on the situation and the manager involved. Managers in the public sector are usually confronted with complex problems that require strategy thinking in order to find the most suitable way forwardRead MoreAn Understanding of Public Administration2588 Words   |  11 PagesAn Understanding of Public Administration Master of Public Administration Program Modern Public Administration: Managing Public Nonprofit Organizations PAD 500 Abstract The purpose of this paper, An Understanding of Public Administration, is to provide the reader with an overview of the field and its application towards public programs, agencies, groups and other associations. It also provides a clear definition, introduces some principlesRead MoreDefining Public Administration2566 Words   |  11 PagesAn Understanding of Public Administration Abstract The purpose of this paper, An Understanding of Public Administration, is to provide the reader with an overview of the field and its application towards public programs, agencies, groups and other associations. It also provides a clear definition, introduces some principles associated with public administration along and how it is used in American society. Public administration allows public policies and actions, decision-making abilityRead MoreThe Concept of Public Administration2013 Words   |  9 PagesThe Concept of Public Administration Historically, Governments have attempted to develop sound governance and public administration to support social, political and economic development. However, changing in political and economic context have made it increasingly difficult to determine what constitute the principles, foundations, quality and effectiveness of public administration. (UNECOSOC, 2005) The present report presents some initial thoughts and recommendations about the methodology that canRead MoreA Study Of Public Administration1516 Words   |  7 PagesSince Woodrow Wilson (1889) published the article, â€Å"a study of public administration†, the main question in the field of public administration is how to govern a democratic and political entity. Given public administration conventionally concerns about civil servants and agencies in the executive branch, one among diverse and essential subfields is bureaucracy and organizational theory. In general, the development of studies on bureaucracy and organ izational theory has gone through the period of

What Is A False Memory - 2142 Words

Cherry, K. (2016, March 19). What Is a False Memory? Retrieved April 30, 2016, from https:// www.verywell.com/what-is-a-false-memory-2795193 This webpage presents false memory at a glance. The webpage covers topics relating specifically to false memory, such as the definitions, causes, impacts, and who is affected. The author distinguishes false memory from other forms of memory fallibility. Also, the author indicates the various factors that influence false memory like misinformation, misattribution, existing knowledge, and suggestions from therapists or investigators. Finally, the author concludes that false memory is problematic especially in criminal trials and eyewitness testimony, where false memories are one of the leading causes of false convictions due to false identification of a suspect, or false recollections during interrogations. Verywell is the website from which this webpage was derived from. It is a reliable source for a lot of reasons. First, the content on the we bsite is written by experts like doctors, trainers, and other healthcare professionals. All of the medical facts are well-documented. They are reviewed and approved by board-certified physicians. Second, Kendra Cherry is qualified to write this piece. Cherry is an author and an educator of psychology. She is the author of a book titled â€Å"Everything Psychology† (2nd edition) and has published many articles on diverse psychological topics. In addition, she holds a Master of Science in educationShow MoreRelatedWhat is False Memory Syndrome? Essay789 Words   |  4 Pages False memory syndrome is also called Recovered memory, Pseudo-Memory, and Memory Distortion. False memory syndrome or pseudo-memory is memories of an experience, in which one seemingly remembers that never actually or really occurred. In other words, false memory is a fabricated remembrance of past events that did not really happen. People often falsely thought of memories as recorder that are records accur ately of all the experience in our brain but, memories are not always true and accurate andRead MoreFalse Memories are Affecting Us All Essay1596 Words   |  7 PagesIntro: What Are False Memories? Have you every specifically remembered an event such as going to a basketball game then you were reminded by someone that you didn’t go because you were sick or something. If so, you have created a false memory. The study of false memories began in the early 1990’s when people started to report â€Å"recovered† memories of abuse (Laney Loftus 1). To understand how false memories work, you first need a basic understanding of how the memory works. In general your brainRead MoreFalse Memories : Using The Deese / Roedinger1262 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent kinds of memories. From short term memory to long term memory, people’s every day routines are heavily influenced by the memories they possess. Remember the time in elementary school when you peed your pants, or the time in high school when you got to kiss your crush, or how about that time you saw your favorite celebrity star in the mall? What if these memories were not actually real? Are they memories or are they made up stories? Mendez and Fras (2011) suggest that false memories are just recollectionsRead MoreHow Reliable Is Your Memory?899 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ted talking that I watched was â€Å"How reliable is your memory?† presented by Elizabeth Lofuts. By listening to her talk, we could easily identified her argument. She disagree with the saying that memory is reliable. In this video, Elizabeth introduced an idea of false memory at first, and then let us realize that our memory was not that trustworthy. In order to convincing us, she used the case of Titus, many experiments that she have done or other people have done, and some statistical datas. Read MoreFacts About The Human Brain1247 Words   |  5 PagesPsychologists are constantly researching the what, when, why, and how of various behaviors of people. One of the more popular topics in this field is memory and the different components involved in false memory in humans. A false memory occurs when a person recalls an event that never happened, or remembers an event differently from the way it happened. For the most part, our brain is a reliable source, but it does contain errors and it is easily tricked. There have been times where I have lockedRead MoreFalse Memory Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagespopulation have claimed that they remember a memory that never actually happened, which can also be perceived as false memory. (HealthDay News, 2016). According to Time magazine, a false memory is when you have an apparent recollection of an event that actually never occurred. It might be easy to explain why we remember things, however psychologists are finding that it’s trickier when we claim we remember things but it simply never happened. False memories are something you want to get more knowledgeRead MoreMemory Is Not Accurate For Details Of Past Events Over An Extended Time Period1314 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Parkin (1999) memory is the erudition of fresh information c onnecting variations in the synaptic connections amongst neurons dedicated for the stowage of material. However, memory is also the ability to recall information and this is a point where the phenomenon of human memory falters. This essay will argue that human memory is not reliably accurate for details of past events over an extended time period and under experimental conditions. This is supported by firstly Zhu et al. (2011)Read MoreThe False Memories Of Photographs1488 Words   |  6 Pagesto document important life events in recent years. These photographs later become cues for individuals to recall their memories of what had happened during the time that the photo was taken. Since photographs usually capture real and memorable events, it would make sense to assume that the memories that photographs produce are going to be real and true memories. However, memories created by photos might not always be reliable. For example, if a group of individuals were presented with a fabric atedRead MoreMemory Does Not Work Like A Video Camera975 Words   |  4 PagesMemory does not work like a video camera, smoothly recording every detail. Instead, memory is more of a constructive process. We remember the details that we find most important and relevant. Due to the reconstructive nature of memory, the assimilation of old and new information has the ability to cause vulnerable memories to become distorted. This is also known as the misinformation effect (Loftus, 1997). It is not uncommon for individuals to fill in memory gaps with what they assume they must haveRead MoreFalse Memory Syndrome1478 Words   |  6 Pagescompared to what is unknown about cognitive functioning, individuals cannot fully grasp the reasoning behind why the brain performs some of the acts it does. Many people daydream, picture themselves recovering lost items in obscure places, or even create stories repeated so much that individuals begin to believe they may have happened; all three of these examples are forms of creating a false memory. Many psychologists have researched, evaluated, and experimented with false memory, which has lead

Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication Free Essays

Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication? Facebook is the most famous commonly used social media. It has become the preferred method for keeping in touch with people. Almost every young person has at least one Facebook account. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now However useful it might be in social life and education, Facebook brought about a set of new barriers and threats in these areas. There is an irony in the sense that social media, like Facebook, has the ability to make us less social. Doubtless it may be stimulating to feel so connected with others, and et there is no way to deny that underneath this feeling, there is a sense of emptiness. Robin Sharma agrees with that fact in his book The Greatness Guide by saying that the more we are electronically connected, the more we are emotionally disconnected. In other words, while people spend many hours of their days on Facebook chatting, posting status and wishing happy birthdays and engagements to one another, they forget about the importance of conversation in the traditional way. They completely forget about the effectiveness of sitting to dinner with the family or hanging out with friends. In a word, Facebook is gradually robbing people of what distinguishes them as human beings. Not only does Facebook make us less social, but also sometimes conveys a completely different reality about its users. Anyone can hide behind Facebook posts, giving any image they want about themselves and creating an illusion about their personality. They can be whoever they want, depending on the fact that their audiences have no hoice but to be confused, having no verbal communication. So, our only real method of communication is through voice-to-voice or face-to-face communication. It is only through this way that when one hears a tone of voice or looks into someone’s eyes, they are able to know when â€Å"l am okay† does not mean they are okay at all. Thus, without any means of communication but phrases, abbreviations, snippets and emoticons on Facebook, one can never be sure whether these things are accurate representations of the truth. As for education, students, no doubt, owe Facebook a lot for facilitating their education process, but still it is a main contributor to the failure of many of them. Although Facebook plays a role in breaking the ice between colleagues in schools or universities, it wastes much of their time in chatting about trivial matters. It is true Facebook helps students keep updated with the latest news about their studies, even if they are absent from schools or universities. But student rumourmongers ruin verything by spreading so much false news that any news by any student is subject to suspicion, which turns the advantage into a disadvantage. This way Facebook is more of a waste of time for students. Facebook. Now compare this time to the time you spend in real life with your family, friends and your colleagues at school, university or work. Try to make the decision of making the best use of Facebook and try to avoid as many of its disadvantages as possible. Out of my own experience, the time and relations you are going to revive are worth giving a try. How to cite Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication, Papers

Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication Free Essays

Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication? Facebook is the most famous commonly used social media. It has become the preferred method for keeping in touch with people. Almost every young person has at least one Facebook account. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now However useful it might be in social life and education, Facebook brought about a set of new barriers and threats in these areas. There is an irony in the sense that social media, like Facebook, has the ability to make us less social. Doubtless it may be stimulating to feel so connected with others, and et there is no way to deny that underneath this feeling, there is a sense of emptiness. Robin Sharma agrees with that fact in his book The Greatness Guide by saying that the more we are electronically connected, the more we are emotionally disconnected. In other words, while people spend many hours of their days on Facebook chatting, posting status and wishing happy birthdays and engagements to one another, they forget about the importance of conversation in the traditional way. They completely forget about the effectiveness of sitting to dinner with the family or hanging out with friends. In a word, Facebook is gradually robbing people of what distinguishes them as human beings. Not only does Facebook make us less social, but also sometimes conveys a completely different reality about its users. Anyone can hide behind Facebook posts, giving any image they want about themselves and creating an illusion about their personality. They can be whoever they want, depending on the fact that their audiences have no hoice but to be confused, having no verbal communication. So, our only real method of communication is through voice-to-voice or face-to-face communication. It is only through this way that when one hears a tone of voice or looks into someone’s eyes, they are able to know when â€Å"l am okay† does not mean they are okay at all. Thus, without any means of communication but phrases, abbreviations, snippets and emoticons on Facebook, one can never be sure whether these things are accurate representations of the truth. As for education, students, no doubt, owe Facebook a lot for facilitating their education process, but still it is a main contributor to the failure of many of them. Although Facebook plays a role in breaking the ice between colleagues in schools or universities, it wastes much of their time in chatting about trivial matters. It is true Facebook helps students keep updated with the latest news about their studies, even if they are absent from schools or universities. But student rumourmongers ruin verything by spreading so much false news that any news by any student is subject to suspicion, which turns the advantage into a disadvantage. This way Facebook is more of a waste of time for students. Facebook. Now compare this time to the time you spend in real life with your family, friends and your colleagues at school, university or work. Try to make the decision of making the best use of Facebook and try to avoid as many of its disadvantages as possible. Out of my own experience, the time and relations you are going to revive are worth giving a try. How to cite Is Facebook boosting or hindering communication, Papers

Organizational Behavior of Resonus Corporation †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Behavior of Resonus Corporation. Answer: The case is about departmental problems in Resonus Corporation. Frank Choy an engineering director responsible for ESD and research department felt that the interdepartmental battles were wearing him down. He realized that employees got most of the blame rather than credit for issues that could be avoided if the right protocol was followed. He tracked the problem to the corporates CEO, Bill Hunt, who responded to the problems with a lack of urgency, urging employees to remain civil and telling them to learn to get along better. He even fired the previous engineering director due to constant disputes in the office. He thought that the problem was not on how the departments were run but how people learn to fit into the existing organizational culture. Hunt insisted on promoting informal relationships between managers since the companys founder had groomed him to maintain organizations family spirit. The informal relationships has led to poor organizational response to departmental heads. For instance, a research director in the corporation who directly reports to the CEO, Doc Kalandry has never felt the need to acknowledge Chow as his director. Hunt had a close relationship with Doc since his first job in the company was in the research team and he is still very connected to Doc and most employees are aware of it. Hunt even refers to Doc as a living genius and sees his innovations as the companys get way to success. Although everyone seemed to love Docs over enthusiasm about his innovations a few ESD staff felt like his director needed to manage him better. Choy and his team felt that they undergo through constant critique on their work from the production supervisors unlike the higher research team whose explanations are taken without any complaint. ESD team believe that those critiques should be directed to the research team since they are responsible for the design changes. They argue that with the work experience that they have they shouldnt be constantly put in a position to defend their abilities rather they should be getting work done. Latest trouble began when Doc came up with one of his last minute innovation which Hunt endorsed without consulting other departments which were going to be involved in the development and manufacturing process. The innovation was a new nano processor technology that was to be installed in the hearing-aid product. The case demonstrates that the departments in the organization lacked coordination and unity in identifying new inventions that were efficient and cost effective. Hunts leadership was biased and he lacked impartiality when it came to dealing with his cronies such as Doc. Even with proven failures in Docs previous innovations Hunt kept on endorsing and favouring him, which brought about agitations from employees. Anyone who brought up the issue was viewed as being aggressive, this was the very reason that Choys predecessor got fired. This resulted to employees getting along with Docs innovations even though they knew it was not possible to deliver the product on time. This kind of behavior eventually led to poor organizational relations that had huge implications to the success of the organization.